Date
|
Year
|
Event
|
1
|
1889
|
Birth in San Roque,
Cavite of Dr. Olivia Salamanca, first Filipina doctor. Died on July 13, 71913. |
|
1900
|
General Tomas
Mascardo, political and military governor of Zambales and Bataan, issues a manifesto
calling attention to the series of cruelties perpetrated by the Americans against the
Filipinos. General Artemio Ricarte is captured in
Manila while recruiting volunteers for the Revolution.
|
|
|
The Congress of the
United States enacts the Philippine Bill of 1902 which provides for the establishment of
the Philippine Assembly. |
2
|
1847
|
A royal order
extends to the Philippines the benefits of the Spanish law protecting literary property. |
|
1898
|
U.S. Consul O.F.
Williams cables U.S. Secretary of State William R. Day, recommending that men and women of
diverse occupations be sent to the Philippines, if a long period of occupation or
permanent possession of the islands is being considered. He hoped for the arrival within
the year of 10,000 Americans to aid in the establishment and maintenance of republican
government. |
|
1900
|
Arthur MacArthur
issues a proclamation declaring that individual rights be granted to Filipinos. |
3
|
1618
|
Alfonso Fajardo y
Tenza becomes governor-general of the Philippines. During his administration, the College
of Santo Tomas, now University of Santo Tomas, is inaugurated and the Convent of Santa
Clara is founded. |
|
1892
|
Dr. Jose Rizal
founds La Liga Filipina, one of the aims of which is to united the Filipino people into a
compact, vigorous and homogenous body. |
|
1902
|
The President of
the United States terminates the office of the Military Governor in the Philippines. |
4
|
1835
|
By royal decree,
the Society of Jesus is abolished and its property placed on sale with the proceeds going
to payment of the public debt. |
|
1861
|
The Council of
Administration, a consultative body assisting the governor-general, is established in the
Philippines. |
|
1898
|
General Aguinaldo
issues decree creating El Heraldo de la Revolucion and making it the sole
clearinghouse of all revolutionary pronouncements. |
|
|
General Thomas M.
Anderson sends a letter to Aguinaldo asking the latter for cooperation in the American war
with Spain. He states that the U.S. is in sympathy with the people of the Philippine
Islands. |
|
1900
|
The Democratic
Party meets in Kansas and condemns and denounces the Philippine policy of the American
administration. |
|
1901
|
Civil government is
inaugurated in Manila with William Howard Taft as first civil governor. Thereafter the
Philippine Commission becomes the sole legislative body for the Islands until the
inauguration of the Philippine Assembly on October 16, 1907. |
|
1946
|
Commonwealth Act
No. 570, which declared on June 7, 1940, that the National Language, based on Tagalog
would be the official national language of the Philippines becomes effective. |
|
|
President Harry S.
Truman proclaims the United States "withdraws and surrenders all rights of
possession, supervision, jurisdiction, control of sovereignty… and… recognizes
the independence of the Philippines." Manuel A. Roxas and Elpidio Quirino are
inducted into office as President and Vice-President, respectively, of the new Republic of
the Philippines. |
|
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5
|
1892
|
Acting on previous
orders from the governor-general, the Guardia Civil conducts simultaneous raids on
provincial homes, recently visited by Rizal. |
|
1899
|
The Insular Press,
a four-page daily, starts publication. |
|
|
General Emilio
Aguinaldo issues a decree freeing the Spanish prisoners who surrendered to the Filipinos
after the eleven-month siege of Baler church in Tayabas. |
|
1945
|
General Douglas
MacArthur issues a proclamation announcing the "liberation" of the entire
Philippines from the Japanese. |
6
|
1839
|
Precios
Corrientes, de Manila, the first commercial newspaper in Spanish and English, starts
publication. |
|
1892
|
Dr. Jose Rizal is
arrested by order of Governor-General Eulogio Despujol and confined to Fort Santiago. |
|
1898
|
General Aguinaldo
writes a reply to General Thomas M .Anderson, in command of the U.S. land forces in the
Philippines, assuring the latter that he has already ordered his "people not to
interfere in the least with your officers and men." |
|
|
Mariano Ponce in
Yokohama holds a long interview with Inagaki Majiro, Japanese Minister to Siam and
Secretary of "Tovokiokay" (Association Oriental). They discuss the possibility
of Japanese aid to the Philippine struggle for independence. |
|
|
Rear Admiral George
Dewey receives information from the Filipino forces that the Germans (under Admiral von
Diedriches) have been interfering with their (Filipino) military operations against the
Spaniards in Subic Bay. |
|
1961
|
President Carlos P.
Garcia signs Executive Order No. 435 opening the port of Tagbilaran, Bohol, as a subport
of entry within the collection district of the port of Cebu. |
7
|
1864
|
Birth of Isabelo de
los Reyes, historian, newspaperman, labor leader, politician, one of the founders of the
Philippine Independent Church. Died on October 10, 1938. |
|
1892
|
The Katipunan is
formally established by Andres Bonifacio in Tondo, its goal being the independence of the
Philippines by means of revolution. |
|
1897
|
General Aguinaldo
in Biyak-na-Bato, Bulacan, issues a manifesto explaining the grievances of the Filipinos
against Spain and urging them to continue the revolution. |
8
|
1648
|
The Royal Audiencia
promulgates the papal bull of November, 1645 recognizing "the perpetuity" of the
University of Santo Tomas, making it the first such institution in the Orient, older by a
quarter of a century than Harvard. |
|
1820
|
Birth in Lipa,
Batangas of Father Valerio Malabanan, teacher of Apolinario Mabini. Died on March 22,
1885. |
|
1900
|
Emilio Aguinaldo
issues an order to guerrilla officers setting aside the days between September 15 and 24
for a general offensive against the Americans. |
9
|
1862
|
Rafael de Echague
assumes office as Captain-General of the Philippines. During his term as normal school is
established. |
|
1888
|
Mayon Volcano
erupts and damages severely the towns of Libog and Legazpi. |
|
1898
|
From the
Philippines, General Thomas M. Anderson communicates to the US Adjutant-General in
Washington, D.C., stating that he foresees a possible conflict with the Philippine forces. |
|
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10
|
1566
|
Two boats from the
Moluccas arrive with letters to Legazpi from the Portuguese commanders, ostensibly
inviting the Spaniards to their islands, but as gathered afterwards, preparing to descend
upon the settlement at Cebu. |
|
1894
|
El Municipio
Filipino (The Filipino Town), a review of legislation and jurisprudence, is issued. It
is published in Spanish-Tagalog and its founder is Isabelo de los Reyes. |
|
1934
|
Election of
delegates to the Constitutional Convention. |
|
1941
|
Blackout practices
are held, the first of which takes place in Manila. Evacuation centers are established and
"air-raid drills" are conducted in Manila and other cities in anticipation of
the start of a second world war. |
11
|
1860
|
Birth of General
Pio del Pilar y Castaneda, guerilla leader of the Philippine Revolution. Died on June 31,
1931. |
|
1869
|
Birth of Pio
Valenzuela, a member of the Katipunan and first municipal president of Polo, Bulacan. Died
on April 6, 1956. |
12
|
1869
|
Governor Carlos M.
de la Torre is serenaded by Filipino leaders, priests and students who express their
appreciation of his liberal policies. |
|
1888
|
The Filipinos in
Madrid, with the personal collaboration and help of the Spanish politician Miguel Morayta,
establish the "Asociacion Hispano-Filipina." Its purpose is to obtain reforms
for the Philippines. |
|
1899
|
Artemio Ricarte
issues a circular asking for contributions to carry on operations against the United
States Government. |
13
|
1852
|
Birth of Juan
Araneta, patriot and industrialist and once capitan municipal, in Bago,
Occidental Negros. Died on October 3, 1924. |
|
1860
|
Birth of Anacleto
del Rosario, chemist, pharmacist, and "Father of Laboratory Science in the
Philippines." Died on May 2, 1895. |
|
1901
|
Miguel Malvar
succeeds Aguinaldo as Commander-in-Chief of the Revolution. |
14
|
1596
|
Francisco Tello de
Guzman becomes governor-general of the Philippines. In his administration, the Royal
Audiencia is re-established and the Jesuit Seminary of San Jose is founded. |
|
1898
|
General Aguinaldo
addresses a letter to Admiral Dewey asking him to forward his decrees of June 18 and 23 to
Washington, D.C. and stating that "the desires of this government are to remain
always in friendship with the great North American nation, to which we are under many
obligations." |
|
1899
|
The Revolutionary
Congress in Tarlac meets and elects its officers. Those elected are Ambrosio Rianzares
Bautista, President; Felix Ferrer, Vice-President; and Pablo Tecson, Basilio Hilario, E.
Gutierrez David, Enrique Makapinlak, Alfonso Ramos and Luis Navarro, secretaries. |
|
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15
|
1604
|
Acuña writes
to the King that there is fear of a Chinese invasion in Manila but that trade with the
Japanese goes well. |
|
1890
|
La Solidaridad
publishes Rizal’s "The Indolence of the Filipinos." |
|
1902
|
Vicente Lukban,
patriot and revolutionary leader of Labo, Camarines Norte, takes his oath of allegiance of
the United States, one of the last to give up armed struggle for independence. |
16
|
1844
|
Narciso Claveria y
Zaldua assumes the post of governor-general of the Philippines. During his term the
Philippine calendar is corrected; a casino called "Sociedad de Recreo"
(Recreation Association) is established; a military library is established; surnames are
given to the Filipinos; number of papers are founded such as La Esperanza, Diario de
Manila, etc., and the first steam war-vessel in the Philippines is purchased in
London. |
|
1870
|
The superior civil
government orders that teachers taking leave to attend to their own affairs or for reasons
of illness shall provide and pay for their replacements. |
|
1899
|
The Federal Council
of the Visayas at Iloilo elects Jovito Yusay president and Ramon Avancena, vice-president. |
17
|
1581
|
Governor Ronquillo
de Penalosa writes to Philip II inquiring whether Manila can be made the capital of the
Philippines since it is the largest city with the largest population, and is the best
governed in the Colony. |
|
1751
|
A royal cedula
authorizes the alcaldes mayores to engage in trade. |
|
1784
|
King Charles III
issues a decree thanking Governor Jose Basco y Vargas for remitting to Madrid P150,000,
the first amount sent by the Philippine colony to the crown towards its own expenses. |
18
|
1875
|
Birth of Marina
Dizon, one of the first Filipino women to join the Katipunan, and a first cousin of Emilio
Jacinto. Died on October 25, 1950. |
|
1893
|
Rosario Villaruel
is inducted as the first member of the masonic auxiliary for women. |
|
1959
|
President Carlos P.
Garcia formally opens the 10th Boy Scout World Jamboree in Makiling Park, Los
BaÔ os, Laguna. |
19
|
1754
|
Pedro Manuel de
Arandia becomes governor-general of the Philippines. He reforms army and thereby incurs
enmities; expels infidel Chinese and builds alcaiceria of San Fernando. |
|
1770
|
General Simon de
Anda assumes the position of governor-general, which was turned over to him by his
predecessor, Governor Jose RaÙ n. He sends a letter direct to the King of Spain complaining the
abuses made by the friars and officials against the Filipinos, opposes the king’s
order of November 9, 1774, to secularize curacies held by the regulars, repairs the walls
of Manila and within a few months brings about the construction of several war vessels. |
20
|
1826
|
Birth of Margarita
Roxas de Ayala, philanthropist, and founder of La Concordia College. Died on November 1,
1869. |
|
1870
|
The superior civil
government orders that for lack of teaching assistants the provincial and district chiefs
may appoint, upon recommendation of local supervisors, substitute assistant for schools
that have more than 80 pupils. |
|
1961
|
President Carlos P.
Garcia signs an administrative order pursuant to Republic Act No. 3019, otherwise known as
the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Law, which prohibits public officers and employees
from dealing with relatives of high government officials "in any business,
transaction, contract, or application with the government or any other business, calling
for action or decision by such officers or employees." |
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21
|
1602
|
Diego de Santa
Maria, O.F.M., is authorized to build the Hospital de Aguas Santas de Mainit in Los BaÔ os,
Laguna. |
|
1877
|
A royal decree is
issued creating the Commission of Philippine Flora and Forestry Statistics. |
|
1901
|
General Miguel
Malvar who has succeeded General Aguinaldo as head of the Revolution, issues his first
manifesto. He reorganizes the army and the forces for national defense and divides the
country into new zones so as to make the guerillas more effective. |
22
|
1759
|
Manuel Antonio Rojo
del Rio y Vieyra, a native of Tala, Nueva España, assumes office as archbishop of Manila. He works hard to
improve not only the condition of the community at large, but especially that of the
poorer classes. |
|
1864
|
Birth of Apolinario
Mabini in Talaga, Tanauan, Batangas. The "Brains of the Revolution," and the
"Sublime Paralytic," the son of Inocencio Mabini and Dionisia Maranan. |
|
1900
|
Aguinaldo issues a
proclamation declaring that all those who attend the peace festivals in Manila are
traitors. |
23
|
1567
|
From Cebu, Legazpi
sends a letter to the kind stating that in some islands such as Luzon and Mindoro, Chinese
and Japanese come every year to trade. These traders bring silk, wool bells, porcelains,
perfumes, iron, tin, colored cotton cloths and other small wares, and in return take away
gold and wax. |
|
1590
|
A royal decree is
issued regulating commerce in the Philippines by limited trade with China to six years. |
|
1926
|
The Philippine
Tuberculosis Society building in Manila is inaugurated with Mrs. Martin E. Egan as
President, and Dr. Olivia Salamanca as Secretary. |
24
|
1854
|
Birth of Antonio
Jayme, lawyer and member of the first Philippine Assembly. Died on October 19, 1937. |
|
1899
|
Apolinario Mabini
writes to Felipe Buencamino that according to information he has received from agents in
Hongkong, "favorable public opinion (on Philippine independence) in American is
steadily gaining ground to the detriment of the imperialist party." |
|
1905
|
A law is passed
giving to the Supreme Court original jurisdiction over controversies between the Roman
Catholic Church and the municipalities concerning the ownership title to churches,
convents and cemeteries. |
25
|
1636
|
The church of
Cagsaua, in Albay, is burned by the Dutch invaders. |
|
1872
|
Birth of General
Santiago Alvarez, revolutionary general and hero of Dalahican, Cavite. Died on October 30,
1930. |
|
1898
|
General Wesley
Merritt arrives at Manila. |
26
|
1844
|
Birth of Deodato
Arellano, first president of the Katipunan, in Bulacan, Bulacan. He died in 1898. |
|
1941
|
Lieutenant-General
Douglas MacArthur, military adviser to the Philippine Commonwealth, is placed in active
service as commander of the newly created United States Armed Forces in the Far East. Into
this army command are inducted 100,000 Filipino soldiers whom MacArthur has trained in
modern warfare. |
|
1945
|
The three
powers—Britain, China and the United States—issue an ultimatum to Japan
demanding unconditional surrender. |
|
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27
|
1645
|
A Dutch squadron
from Batavia arrives at Jolo and helps the Muslims attach the Spanish garrison. The
Filipino-Spanish defenders, ably led by Commander Esteban Ugalde resist and force the
squadron to withdraw after three days combat. |
|
1946
|
The remains of the
late President Manuel L. Quezon arrived from the United States on board the aircraft
carrier U.S.S. Princeton. |
|
1962
|
President Diosdado
Macapagal proposes the organization of a Greater Malayan Confederation, which he predicts
will be a force for freedom, progress, and peace not only in Asia but throughout the
world. |
28
|
1909
|
Governor-General W.
Cameron Forbes recommends the reconstruction of Rizal’s house in Dapitan, site of the
hero’s exile. |
|
1963
|
Twenty-four Boy
Scouts and Scouters, delegates of the Philippines to the 11th Boy Scout World
Jamboree in Marathon, Greece, perish in an airplane crash in the Arabian Sea. |
29
|
1646
|
A Dutch fleet
attacks the Spanish forces off Marinduque island. |
30
|
1860
|
The Spanish
Minister of War and Colonies issues a decree establishing a Government of Mindanao to
pacify the territories like Basilan and Zamboanga in the southern islands. |
|
1887
|
Birth of Honorio
Ventura, Pampango politician, secretary of the interior and philanthropist. |
|
1896
|
Dr. Jose Rizal
receives a letter from Governor-General Ramon Blanco permitting him to go to Cuba to
render service as a physician attached to the medical corps of the Spanish Army. |
31
|
1896
|
Rizal leaves
Dapitan with Josephine Bracken, his sister Narcisa, a niece and three nephews, for Manila
thus ending his exile of four years and thirteen days. |
|
1898
|
Spanish forces
entrenched around the city of Manila conduct night attacks on U.S. forces. |
|
1948
|
President Elpidio
Quirino signs Proclamation No. 86 extending the period fixed in the amnesty proclamation
for the surrender of the leader and members of the Hukbalahap and the Pambansang
Kaisahan Magbubukid (PKM). An earlier proclamation was issued on June 21, 1948. |
|
1963
|
Start of summit
conference of heads of state of Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia on the proposed
Confederation of Malaysia. |
|
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